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How to Use Task Analysis to Plan Effective Lessons and Evaluate Progress
Presented by Jennifer Mahdavi, Ph.D, BCBA-D
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A Teacher’s Guide to Progress Monitoring
The practical, teacher-friendly guide you need to harness the power of progress monitoring and uncover what is and isn’t working in your classroom! A Teacher’s Guide to Progress Monitoring
Task Analysis: Learning Objectives
- Learn how to construct a task analysis
- Discover how to chart student performance on each element of the task
- Analyze student performance to make data-based instructional decisions
- Use task analysis to help you conduct efficient progress monitoring
Introduction to Task Analysis: What and Why
Break a task into its simplest parts:
- To see where a student has trouble
- To decide what skills to teach
- What don’t you understand and in what order
Task Analysis as an Evidence-Based Practice
Harris, K. R., Graham, S., Aitken, A. A., Barkel, A., Houston, J., & Ray, A. (2017). Teaching spelling, writing, and reading for writing. Teaching Exceptional Children, 49(4), 262–272. doi:10.1177/0040059917697250
Task Analysis is effective for:
- Teaching individuals with autism
- Access to the Common Core State Standards in mathematics through early numeracy skill building for students with significant intellectual disability. Education & Training In Autism & Developmental Disabilities, 50(1), 17–30. doi:10.1177/1053451213496156
- Communication
- Academic and transition skills
Constructing a Task Analysis: Overview
| Step | Task |
|---|---|
| 1 | Define the skill or task to be performed. |
| 2 | Determine the prerequisite skills the student must possess before working toward the task. |
| 3 | List the steps that must be followed. |
| 4 | Pilot the task analysis; confirm or revise the steps. |
| 5 | Teach student(s) according to task analysis. |
| 6 | Use task analysis for progress monitoring. |
Get started with task analysis
- Define the skill or task to be performed.
- Determine the prerequisite skills the student must possess before working toward the task.
The main events of task analysis
- Turn on faucet & wet toothbrush. Turn off faucet.
- Take cap off toothpaste.
- Squeeze pea-sized amount of toothpaste onto brush.
- Put brush in mouth, bristles toward teeth.
- Move brush up and down from left side of mouth to right until fronts of all teeth are brushed.
- Repeat step 5 for the backs of the top teeth. Then the bottom.
- Spit extra toothpaste into sink.
- Turn on faucet; scoop water into mouth. Swish then spit into sink again.
- Rinse sink and toothbrush.
- Turn off faucet.
Use task analysis for progress monitoring
- Determine which steps the student needs to master.
- Use fewest and least intrusive prompts possible.
Progress Monitoring with Task Analysis
What about academic skills?
- Use task analysis for complex academic skills.
- Examples: reading comprehension, mathematics number talks, the scientific method.
Academic Example: Write a Sentence
- Decide what you want to say. Say that out loud.
- Make sure the sentence you said is a complete thought (has a subject and a verb). If it does not, try again.
- Write the first word on the paper, use a capital letter for the first letter of the word.
- Write each word in the sentence.
- End with the appropriate end-mark.
- Read what you wrote out loud and ask if it makes sense and says what you want. If it does not, change it.
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